Reviews - Page 4 of 7

How to Achieve High tRNA cDNA Synthesis Efficiency?

tRNAs undergo by far the greatest number of and the most chemically diverse post-transcriptional modifications, which badly affect tRNA cDNA synthesis efficiency. Methylation, one of the most prevalent modifications, is the main obstacle that hinders transcriptional elongation and thus leads to non-effective cDNA conversion and qPCR. By using an excellent RNA demethylase, Arraystar developed rtStar™ […]

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tRNA Repertoire and Its Functional Significance

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Overview As a fundamental component in translation, transfer RNAs (tRNAs) serve as the physical link between the nucleotide sequence of mRNAs and the amino acid sequence of proteins (Fig.1). tRNAs are ubiquitous nucleic acid entities that are the most abundant of all small non-coding RNA molecules. Despite this universality, genomes exhibit substantial variations in their

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tRF & tiRNA : Why and How to Study Them?

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Overview Transfer RNA (tRNA) is an adaptor molecule that decodes mRNA and translates protein. Recent studies have demonstrated that tRNAs also serve as a major source of small non-coding RNAs having distinct and varied functions [1]. These tRNA-derived ncRNAs are not random degradation products, but rather generated through precise biogenesis processes (Fig. 1). tRNA-derived ncRNAs

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The Biases of Using TPM in Small RNA Sequencing Data Analysis

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The Challenges and Solutions of Small RNA Profiling The Biases of Using TPM in Small RNA Sequencing Data Analysis Simultaneously Profile Multiple Small RNA Classes Accurately Direct End-labeling to Avoid the Biases From Sequencing Library Prep The comparison of small RNA transcript levels between samples using TPM in small RNA-sequencing (small RNA-seq) is actually meaningless. In small

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Direct End-labeling to Avoid the Biases From Sequencing Library Prep

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The Challenges and Solutions of Small RNA Profiling The Biases of Using TPM in Small RNA Sequencing Data Analysis Simultaneously Profile Multiple Small RNA Classes Accurately Direct End-labeling to Avoid the Biases From Sequencing Library Prep To fluorescently label small RNAs for microarray profiling, the total RNA is treated with T4 polynucleotide kinase (T4 PNK) to remove

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Simultaneously Profile Multiple Small RNA Classes Accurately

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The Challenges and Solutions of Small RNA Profiling The Biases of Using TPM in Small RNA Sequencing Data Analysis Simultaneously Profile Multiple Small RNA Classes Accurately Direct End-labeling to Avoid the Biases From Sequencing Library Prep Mature small RNAs like miRNAs and tsRNAs have non-random, precisely cleaved termini and defined RNA sizes during biogenesis. Arraystar Small RNA

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The Challenges and Solutions of Small RNA Profiling

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The Challenges and Solutions of Small RNA Profiling The Biases of Using TPM in Small RNA Sequencing Data Analysis Simultaneously Profile Multiple Small RNA Classes Accurately Direct End-labeling to Avoid the Biases From Sequencing Library Prep Small RNA-seq has been used for profiling microRNAs and other small RNAs. However, the use of small RNA-seq data to quantify

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How to Study GlycoRNAs?

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Arraystar GlycoRNA Array Profiling Arraystar GlycoRNA Array combines methods of biochemical capture of glycoRNA and RNA detection by microarray to quantify and profile glycoRNA expression. The integration of these two advanced techniques leverages the strengths of both methods for high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy. The array covers a wide range of glycosylated small RNA classes,

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Why Study GlycoRNAs?

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GlycoRNAs have emerged as a new area of study in cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, immune, and respiratory diseases, opening up new avenues into novel biomarker and therapeutic applications. Breast Cancer Surface glycoRNAs are inversely related with tumor malignancy and metastasis, i.e. breast non-cancer cells (MCF-10A) have the highest glycoRNA levels, followed by breast cancer cells (MCF-7), while breast

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What Are GlycoRNAs?

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GlycoRNAs are glycosylated small non-coding RNAs, including small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), Y-RNAs[1], and microRNAs [2]. Glycosylated mRNAs are not known. Particularly, the N-glycans on glycoRNAs are highly sialylated and fucosylated. GlycoRNAs are displayed on the cell surface and can bind Siglec receptors important in immune

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