Fig. 1. Valine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS) promotes melanoma drug resistance through translation of valine enriched genes, e.g. fatty acid regulator HADH [1].

Customer Success Story

Valine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS) was discovered as a key player in the codon-biased translation reprogramming in anti-MAPK drug resistant melanoma cells. In the study, Arraystar tRNA PCR Array and Pretreatment Kit were used to profile and quantify the tRNAs. Mechanistically, VARS regulates valine-enriched mRNAs, particularly hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase mRNA as the key enzyme in melanoma fatty acid oxidation and cancer cell survival upon anti-MAPK drug treatment. Clinically, VARS may be an attractive therapeutic target for drug-resistant melanoma.

Reference

[1] El-Hachem N. et al (2024) Valine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase promotes therapy resistance in melanoma. Nat Cell Biol [PMID:38849541]

Arraystar tRNA PCR Platform

nrStar™ tRNA PCR Array and Primers (Human: CAT# AS-NR-001H, CAT# AS-NR-001-1-M; Mouse: CAT# AS-NR-001M, CAT# AS-NR-001M-1-M)

Profile 185 Human/Mouse tRNAs, covering all the nuclear anticodon isoacceptors catalogued in GtRNAdb, providing insights on both the isoacceptor and the specific isodecoder expression.

rtStar™ tRNA Pretreatment & First-Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (CAT# AS-FS-004)

Efficient removal of internal modifications of tRNAs to ensure the proceeding of reverse transcriptase during cDNA synthesis and increase in tRNA detection sensitivity and quantification accuracy.

• tRNA Pretreatment Kit
  [PMID: 40461825] Tao E, et al.
   (2025) Nature Cancer

• Epitranscriptomic Array
   [PMID: 41103024] Fu J, et al.
   (2025) Cancer Commun

• Circular RNA Array
   [PMID: 40955561] Carolina G, et al.
   (2025) Circulation Research

• LncRNA Array
   [PMID: 40338223] Gao M, et al.
   (2025) ACS Nano

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